1. Overview of p-Chlorobenzoic Acid
What is p-chlorobenzoic acid?
P-Chlorobenzoic Acid (CAS 74-11-3) is a para-substituted halogenated aromatic carboxylic acid, a key intermediate for industrial pharmaceutical and agrochemical synthesis.
SNOWHITE CHEMICAL CO., LTD supplies bulk industrial agrochemical grade and high-purity pharmaceutical grade products, with strict impurity control compliant with EP/USP pharmacopoeia requirements.
Our products are widely used in large-scale NSAID drug production, morpholine fungicide manufacturing, dye intermediate processing and fine chemical production worldwide.
Basic Chemical Information
Chemical Name: p-Chlorobenzoic Acid (4-Chlorobenzoic Acid)
Molecular Formula: C₇H₅ClO₂
Molecular Weight: 156.57 g/mol
CAS No.: 74-11-3
HS Code: 29163900
Appearance: White crystalline powder or triclinic crystals
UN No.: Not classified as dangerous goods
p-Chlorobenzoic acid is chemically stable under normal storage conditions and is suitable for standard international transportation when properly packaged.
1.1 Physical & Chemical Characteristics
Physical Form: White crystalline powder or triclinic crystals with good flowability and crystallinity
Density (25/4°C): 1.541
Melting Point: 238~243°C; Boiling Point: 274~276°C (atmospheric pressure, sublimation)
Acidity: pKa 3.98 at 25°C
Solubility: Readily soluble in methanol, absolute ethanol and ether; slightly soluble in water, toluene and 95% ethanol
Stability: Chemically stable under normal storage conditions, good storage stability
1.2 Functional Behavior & Mechanism
The industrial application value of p-Chlorobenzoic Acid comes from the synergistic effect of para-chloro substituent and carboxyl group, which is the core advantage of its wide industrial application:
l The carboxyl group can efficiently undergo esterification, amidation and acyl chlorination reactions, which is the core active site for constructing pharmaceutical and agrochemical molecular skeletons, with mature industrial process and high conversion rate
l The para-position chlorine atom provides stable electronic effect, which can precisely regulate the reactivity of the product, and is the key structure to ensure the biological activity of downstream drugs and agrochemicals
1.2.1 Significance in Practical Applications
From a formulation and processing perspective, p-chlorobenzoic acid provides several practical advantages:
P-Chlorobenzoic Acid for Pharmaceuticals:
- Key intermediate for NSAID drug synthesis
- Used as pharmaceutical impurity reference standard for quality control
P-Chlorobenzoic Acid for Agrochemicals
- Core precursor for morpholine fungicides such as dimethomorph
- Intermediate for rodenticides and pyrethroid insecticides production
P-Chlorobenzoic Acid for Dyes & Fine Chemicals
- Intermediate for dye and pigment synthesis
- Preservative for adhesive and coating formulations
P-Chlorobenzoic Acid for Functional Materials
- Raw material for photosensitive and advanced material synthesis
- Used for bulk fine chemical derivative production
2. Pharmaceutical Grade p-Chlorobenzoic Acid
2.1 Overview of Pharmaceutical Grade Material
p-Chlorobenzoic Acid(PCBA) with strict heavy metal and impurity control, compliant with EP/USP pharmacopoeia standards, exclusively used as key intermediate for large-scale API synthesis and pharmaceutical quality control. SNOWHITE CHEMICAL CO., LTD produces this grade under GMP-compliant conditions, with complete quality research documents available.
2.2 Mechanism in Drug Synthesis
The carboxyl and chloro substituents provide high reactivity for multi-step API synthesis, can be converted into p-chlorobenzoyl chloride for drug molecular construction, with high conversion rate and few by-products.
2.3 Typical Pharmaceutical Applications
Mainly used in the synthesis of NSAIDs such as indomethacin and acemetacin, also used as impurity reference standard for pharmaceutical quality control; strict batch-to-batch consistency ensures the safety and stability of final APIs.
3. Agrochemical Grade p-Chlorobenzoic Acid
3.1 Overview
PCBA, used for large-scale agrochemical and fine chemical production, focusing on reaction efficiency, production yield, cost control and stable bulk supply capacity.
3.2 Role in Agrochemical Synthesis
Widely used as core precursor for dimethomorph morpholine fungicides, also as intermediate for rodenticides and fenvalerate insecticides, the para-chloro structure directly ensures the biological activity of downstream agrochemicals.
3.3 Other Industrial Uses
Used in the synthesis of dye intermediates, adhesive preservatives and functional materials; good flowability and batch consistency, fully compatible with existing large-scale industrial production lines.
4. Synthesis Process
Industrial production of p-Chlorobenzoic Acid by SNOWHITE CHEMICAL CO., LTD mainly adopts solvent-free catalytic oxidation process with p-chlorotoluene as raw material, with mature technology, high yield, high purity, low corrosion and excellent environmental compatibility.
5. Quality Control & Testing
SNOWHITE CHEMICAL CO., LTD has established a strict graded quality control system, with core testing items and standards as follows:
|
Analysis |
Units |
Standard |
|
Assay (GC) |
% |
≥99.0 |
|
Appearance |
- |
White crystal powder |
|
Melting point |
℃ |
238-242 |
|
Moisture |
% |
≤0.5 |
|
Conclusion |
Qualified |
|
6. Packaging, Storage & Safety Information
6.1 Packaging Options
Standard: 25 kg bags/drums;
Customized packaging and export-standard palletizing available upon request
6.2 Storage Recommendations
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, keep packaging tightly sealed to protect from moisture
Keep away from fire and heat sources; avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and alkalis
7. Supply & Technical Support
SNOWHITE CHEMICAL CO., LTD provides reliable global supply of p-chlorobenzoic acid supported by:
ISO 9001 certified, strict batch-to-batch quality consistency control
Customizable purity and impurity limits, compliant with EP/USP pharmacopoeia standards
Stable large-scale production capacity, fast delivery for standard bulk orders
Complete COA, SDS, TDS and pharmaceutical registration documents available
Contact Us
Contact SNOWHITE CHEMICAL CO., LTD now to get COA, free samples and the latest quotation.
Email: shirley@snowhitechem.com
Phone: +86-25-56215758
WhatsApp：+86-13776524331
